See signum on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sekʷ-",
"id": "follow"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "signum"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin signum",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sign"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of sign",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin signum. Doublet of sign.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "signa",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "signums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "signa",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "signum (plural signa or signums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "signum manus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A sign, mark, or symbol."
],
"id": "en-signum-en-noun-Es~lYLXf",
"links": [
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"mark",
"mark"
],
[
"symbol",
"symbol"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "History",
"orig": "en:History",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 64 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 21 10 8 11 3 1 1 3 3 4 13 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 23 10 10 14 2 1 1 2 2 2 15 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A medieval tower bell used particularly for ringing the eight canonical hours."
],
"id": "en-signum-en-noun-1YdZspkk",
"links": [
[
"history",
"history"
],
[
"medieval",
"medieval"
],
[
"tower",
"tower"
],
[
"bell",
"bell"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"particular",
"particular"
],
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"canonical hour",
"canonical hour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(history) A medieval tower bell used particularly for ringing the eight canonical hours."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "signum bell"
}
],
"topics": [
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "en:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 23 10 10 14 2 1 1 2 2 2 15 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A function that extracts the sign of a real number x, yielding −1 if x is negative, +1 if x is positive, or 0 if x is zero."
],
"id": "en-signum-en-noun-GQXBhhZ6",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"function",
"function"
],
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"real number",
"real number"
],
[
"negative",
"negative"
],
[
"positive",
"positive"
],
[
"zero",
"zero"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) A function that extracts the sign of a real number x, yielding −1 if x is negative, +1 if x is positive, or 0 if x is zero."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "signum function"
},
{
"word": "sign function"
}
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɪɡnəm/"
}
],
"word": "signum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "insignis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sigillum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "signifex"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "significō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "signō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "semnu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: semnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: semnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "senya"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: senya",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: senya"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "segn"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: segn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: segn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "segno"
},
"expansion": "Italian: segno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: segno"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "segno",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: segno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: segno"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "seing"
},
"expansion": "Old French: seing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: seing"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "seing"
},
"expansion": "French: seing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: seing"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "senh"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: senh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: senh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "seny"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: seny",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: seny"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "senh"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: senh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: senh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "sino"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: sino\nGalician: sino\nPortuguese: sino (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: sino\nGalician: sino\nPortuguese: sino (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "segn"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: segn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: segn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "senha"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: senha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: senha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "semn"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: semn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: semn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "segn"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: segn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: segn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "semmu",
"3": "semu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: semmu, semu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: semmu, semu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "signu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: signu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: signu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "seña"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: seña",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: seña"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "sinna"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: sinna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: sinna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "ségno"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: ségno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: ségno"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "shenjë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: shenjë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: shenjë"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σίγνον",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ancient Greek: σίγνον (sígnon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ancient Greek: σίγνον (sígnon)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "signe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: signe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: signe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "signum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: signum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: signum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "signo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: signo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: signo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "signo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: signo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: signo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "signo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ido: signo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ido: signo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "signo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Interlingua: signo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Interlingua: signo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "segn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old English: segn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old English: segn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "signe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: signe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: signe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "signe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: signe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: signe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sign"
},
"expansion": "English: sign",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sign"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "signe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: signe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: signe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "signe"
},
"expansion": "French: signe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: signe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "sîngne"
},
"expansion": "Norman: sîngne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: sîngne"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "segan",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old High German: segan\nMiddle High German: segen\nBavarian: Segn\nGerman: Segen\nLuxembourgish: Segen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old High German: segan\nMiddle High German: segen\nBavarian: Segn\nGerman: Segen\nLuxembourgish: Segen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "sén",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: sén\nIrish: séan\nScottish Gaelic: seun",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: sén\nIrish: séan\nScottish Gaelic: seun"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "signo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: signo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: signo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "sino",
"3": "signo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: sino, signo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: sino, signo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*suɨɣn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *suɨɣn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *suɨɣn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "swyn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: swyn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: swyn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "swyn"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: swyn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: swyn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "inh",
"3": "itc-pro>*seknom>sign",
"id": "mark"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sekʷ-",
"id": "follow"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*seknom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *seknom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sek-",
"4": "",
"5": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *seknom, from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”) or *sekʷ- (“to follow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "signī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "signum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "signa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "signī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "signōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "signō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "signīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "signum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "signa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "signō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "signīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "signum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "signa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "signum<2>"
},
"expansion": "signum n (genitive signī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "?",
"word": "signum interrogationis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "!",
"word": "signum exclamationis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "„“",
"word": "signum citationis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "- resp. ⸗",
"english": "to divide",
"word": "signum divisionis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "- resp. ⸗",
"english": "to unite",
"word": "signum subunionis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "¯",
"word": "signum productionis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "˘",
"word": "signum correptionis"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "signum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "signātūra"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to go for fight with someone",
"text": "signa conferre cum aliquo",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"visible indication: sign, mark, signal"
],
"id": "en-signum-la-noun-pUZ9KO9k",
"links": [
[
"visible",
"visible"
],
[
"indication",
"indication"
],
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"mark",
"mark"
],
[
"signal",
"signal"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "index"
},
{
"word": "indicium"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 21 10 8 11 3 1 1 3 3 4 13 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 23 10 10 14 2 1 1 2 2 2 15 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"seal, signet"
],
"id": "en-signum-la-noun-oPC5p1O-",
"links": [
[
"seal",
"seal"
],
[
"signet",
"signet"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 4 11 4 6 8 8 22 8 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"emblem, ensign"
],
"id": "en-signum-la-noun-Zjx5baHZ",
"links": [
[
"emblem",
"emblem"
],
[
"ensign",
"ensign"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"watchword"
],
"id": "en-signum-la-noun-h3gaavQu",
"links": [
[
"watchword",
"watchword"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"symptom, prognostic"
],
"id": "en-signum-la-noun-Z~ZaafDm",
"links": [
[
"symptom",
"symptom"
],
[
"prognostic",
"prognostic"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"miracle, miraculous work, sign"
],
"id": "en-signum-la-noun-xOreRZ-i",
"links": [
[
"miracle",
"miracle"
],
[
"miraculous",
"miraculous"
],
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"sign",
"sign"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He went to Delos. There, from that holiest temple of Apollo, at night, he secretly took away the most beautiful and ancient statues, and made sure to have them loaded on board his own ship.",
"ref": "70 BCE, Cicero, In Verrem 2.1.46",
"text": "Delum venit. Ibi ex fano Apollinis religiosissimo noctu clam sustulit signa pulcherrima atque antiquissima, eaque in onerariam navem suam conicienda curavit."
}
],
"glosses": [
"statue, figure"
],
"id": "en-signum-la-noun-xN-F6XB7",
"links": [
[
"statue",
"statue"
],
[
"figure",
"figure"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 4 11 4 6 8 8 22 8 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the Zodiac signs",
"ref": "29 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 1.239",
"text": "ōrdō signōrum"
},
{
"english": "… and the constellations having sunk beneath the earth and arisen, I sing.",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.12",
"text": "lāpsaque sub terrās ortaque signa canō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"constellation; sign in the heavens, heavenly sign"
],
"id": "en-signum-la-noun-4IsQJDrz",
"links": [
[
"constellation",
"constellation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly poetic) constellation; sign in the heavens, heavenly sign"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 21 10 8 11 3 1 1 3 3 4 13 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 23 10 10 14 2 1 1 2 2 2 15 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"signum (medieval tower bell used particularly for ringing the 8 canonical hours)"
],
"id": "en-signum-la-noun-7ddtISM1",
"links": [
[
"signum",
"signum#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) signum (medieval tower bell used particularly for ringing the 8 canonical hours)"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 21 10 8 11 3 1 1 3 3 4 13 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 23 10 10 14 2 1 1 2 2 2 15 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 20 3 1 1 2 2 8 21 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 11 4 6 8 8 22 8 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 15 2 2 3 2 2 14 17 34",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "la:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 16 5 1 9 1 1 1 20 34",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "la:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We perform these signings of the cross with three fingers, because we represent the Trinity with it.",
"ref": "12th c., Honorius Augustodunensis, Gemma animae 1.57, (from du Cange, Glossarium mediæ et infimæ latinitatis, page 482a)",
"text": "Tribus autem digitis signa facimus, quia Trinitatem exprimimus."
}
],
"glosses": [
"the cross of Jesus Christ & Christianity."
],
"id": "en-signum-la-noun-IMyF-hyY",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) the cross of Jesus Christ & Christianity."
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsiɡ.num/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠ɪŋnʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsiɲ.ɲum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsiɲːum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:signum"
],
"word": "signum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sek-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sekʷ- (follow)",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Astronomy",
"la:Medicine"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sekʷ-",
"id": "follow"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "signum"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin signum",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sign"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of sign",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin signum. Doublet of sign.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "signa",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "signums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "signa",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "signum (plural signa or signums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "signum manus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A sign, mark, or symbol."
],
"links": [
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"mark",
"mark"
],
[
"symbol",
"symbol"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:History"
],
"glosses": [
"A medieval tower bell used particularly for ringing the eight canonical hours."
],
"links": [
[
"history",
"history"
],
[
"medieval",
"medieval"
],
[
"tower",
"tower"
],
[
"bell",
"bell"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"particular",
"particular"
],
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"canonical hour",
"canonical hour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(history) A medieval tower bell used particularly for ringing the eight canonical hours."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "signum bell"
}
],
"topics": [
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mathematics"
],
"glosses": [
"A function that extracts the sign of a real number x, yielding −1 if x is negative, +1 if x is positive, or 0 if x is zero."
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"function",
"function"
],
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"real number",
"real number"
],
[
"negative",
"negative"
],
[
"positive",
"positive"
],
[
"zero",
"zero"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) A function that extracts the sign of a real number x, yielding −1 if x is negative, +1 if x is positive, or 0 if x is zero."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "signum function"
},
{
"word": "sign function"
}
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɪɡnəm/"
}
],
"word": "signum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sek-",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sekʷ- (follow)",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Astronomy",
"la:Medicine"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "insignis"
},
{
"word": "sigillum"
},
{
"word": "signifex"
},
{
"word": "significō"
},
{
"word": "signō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "semnu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: semnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: semnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "senya"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: senya",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: senya"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "segn"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: segn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: segn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "segno"
},
"expansion": "Italian: segno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: segno"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "segno",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: segno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: segno"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "seing"
},
"expansion": "Old French: seing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: seing"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "seing"
},
"expansion": "French: seing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: seing"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "senh"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: senh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: senh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "seny"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: seny",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: seny"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "senh"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: senh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: senh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "sino"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: sino\nGalician: sino\nPortuguese: sino (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: sino\nGalician: sino\nPortuguese: sino (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "segn"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: segn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: segn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "senha"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: senha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: senha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "semn"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: semn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: semn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "segn"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: segn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: segn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "semmu",
"3": "semu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: semmu, semu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: semmu, semu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "signu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: signu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: signu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "seña"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: seña",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: seña"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "sinna"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: sinna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: sinna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "ségno"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: ségno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: ségno"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "shenjë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: shenjë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: shenjë"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σίγνον",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ancient Greek: σίγνον (sígnon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ancient Greek: σίγνον (sígnon)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "signe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: signe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: signe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "signum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: signum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: signum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "signo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: signo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: signo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "signo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: signo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: signo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "signo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ido: signo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ido: signo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "signo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Interlingua: signo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Interlingua: signo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "segn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old English: segn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old English: segn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "signe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: signe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: signe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "signe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: signe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: signe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sign"
},
"expansion": "English: sign",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sign"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "signe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: signe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: signe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "signe"
},
"expansion": "French: signe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: signe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "sîngne"
},
"expansion": "Norman: sîngne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: sîngne"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "segan",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old High German: segan\nMiddle High German: segen\nBavarian: Segn\nGerman: Segen\nLuxembourgish: Segen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old High German: segan\nMiddle High German: segen\nBavarian: Segn\nGerman: Segen\nLuxembourgish: Segen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "sén",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: sén\nIrish: séan\nScottish Gaelic: seun",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: sén\nIrish: séan\nScottish Gaelic: seun"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "signo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: signo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: signo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "sino",
"3": "signo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: sino, signo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: sino, signo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*suɨɣn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *suɨɣn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *suɨɣn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "swyn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: swyn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: swyn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "swyn"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: swyn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: swyn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "inh",
"3": "itc-pro>*seknom>sign",
"id": "mark"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sekʷ-",
"id": "follow"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*seknom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *seknom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sek-",
"4": "",
"5": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *seknom, from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”) or *sekʷ- (“to follow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "signī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "signum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "signa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "signī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "signōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "signō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "signīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "signum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "signa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "signō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "signīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "signum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "signa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "signum<2>"
},
"expansion": "signum n (genitive signī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"alt": "?",
"word": "signum interrogationis"
},
{
"alt": "!",
"word": "signum exclamationis"
},
{
"alt": "„“",
"word": "signum citationis"
},
{
"alt": "- resp. ⸗",
"english": "to divide",
"word": "signum divisionis"
},
{
"alt": "- resp. ⸗",
"english": "to unite",
"word": "signum subunionis"
},
{
"alt": "¯",
"word": "signum productionis"
},
{
"alt": "˘",
"word": "signum correptionis"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "signum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "signātūra"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to go for fight with someone",
"text": "signa conferre cum aliquo",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"visible indication: sign, mark, signal"
],
"links": [
[
"visible",
"visible"
],
[
"indication",
"indication"
],
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"mark",
"mark"
],
[
"signal",
"signal"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "index"
},
{
"word": "indicium"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"seal, signet"
],
"links": [
[
"seal",
"seal"
],
[
"signet",
"signet"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"emblem, ensign"
],
"links": [
[
"emblem",
"emblem"
],
[
"ensign",
"ensign"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"watchword"
],
"links": [
[
"watchword",
"watchword"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"symptom, prognostic"
],
"links": [
[
"symptom",
"symptom"
],
[
"prognostic",
"prognostic"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"miracle, miraculous work, sign"
],
"links": [
[
"miracle",
"miracle"
],
[
"miraculous",
"miraculous"
],
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"sign",
"sign"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He went to Delos. There, from that holiest temple of Apollo, at night, he secretly took away the most beautiful and ancient statues, and made sure to have them loaded on board his own ship.",
"ref": "70 BCE, Cicero, In Verrem 2.1.46",
"text": "Delum venit. Ibi ex fano Apollinis religiosissimo noctu clam sustulit signa pulcherrima atque antiquissima, eaque in onerariam navem suam conicienda curavit."
}
],
"glosses": [
"statue, figure"
],
"links": [
[
"statue",
"statue"
],
[
"figure",
"figure"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin poetic terms",
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the Zodiac signs",
"ref": "29 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 1.239",
"text": "ōrdō signōrum"
},
{
"english": "… and the constellations having sunk beneath the earth and arisen, I sing.",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.12",
"text": "lāpsaque sub terrās ortaque signa canō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"constellation; sign in the heavens, heavenly sign"
],
"links": [
[
"constellation",
"constellation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly poetic) constellation; sign in the heavens, heavenly sign"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Medieval Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"signum (medieval tower bell used particularly for ringing the 8 canonical hours)"
],
"links": [
[
"signum",
"signum#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) signum (medieval tower bell used particularly for ringing the 8 canonical hours)"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Medieval Latin"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We perform these signings of the cross with three fingers, because we represent the Trinity with it.",
"ref": "12th c., Honorius Augustodunensis, Gemma animae 1.57, (from du Cange, Glossarium mediæ et infimæ latinitatis, page 482a)",
"text": "Tribus autem digitis signa facimus, quia Trinitatem exprimimus."
}
],
"glosses": [
"the cross of Jesus Christ & Christianity."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) the cross of Jesus Christ & Christianity."
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsiɡ.num/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠ɪŋnʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsiɲ.ɲum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsiɲːum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:signum"
],
"word": "signum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for signum meaning in All languages combined (16.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.